1、人稱代詞的變化 直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，人稱代詞要根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)述人的立場(chǎng)作相應(yīng)變動(dòng)。人稱代詞的變動(dòng)情況要根據(jù)語境及轉(zhuǎn)述人的不同作相應(yīng)變化，一般情況下，與漢語中的變化相同。可記住一個(gè)口訣：“一主、二賓、三不變”。即第一人稱按照主句中的主語變化，第二人稱按照主句中的賓語變化，第三人稱一般不需要變化。例如：1) He said, “I am glad to see you.” → He said that he was glad to see me.2) “Do you know the man over there?” Mary said to Tom. → Mary asked Tom if he knew the man over there.3) Jim said to me, “Jane left her schoolbag at home.” → Jim told me that Jane had left her schoolbag at home.2、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的變化1）當(dāng)引述的動(dòng)詞為現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式時(shí)，間接引語中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不變。例如：Tom says, “Our teacher is kind to us.” → Tom says that their teacher is kind to them.2）當(dāng)引述的動(dòng)詞為過去時(shí)形式時(shí)，間接引語中的動(dòng)詞作如下變更： 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)→一般過去時(shí) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)→不變 一般過去時(shí)→過去完成時(shí) 將來進(jìn)行時(shí)→過去將來進(jìn)行時(shí) 一般將來時(shí)→過去將來時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)→過去完成時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)→過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 過去完成時(shí)→不變?nèi)绻D(zhuǎn)述的內(nèi)容表示客觀真理或有表示某一絕對(duì)具體的過去時(shí)間作狀語，間接引語中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)不變。例如：The teacher said, “The earth is round.” → The teacher said that the earth is round.He said, “I was born in 1980.” → He said that he was born in 1980.3、常用詞匯的變化 直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語和表示“方向”動(dòng)詞的變化。如“this → that, these → those; now → then, today → that day, tomorrow → the next (following) day, next week → the next week, yesterday → the day before, last night → the night before, ago → before; here → there; come → go. 注意：如果在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述， here不必改為there, 動(dòng)詞come不必改為 go； 如果在當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述，yesterday，tomorrow等時(shí)間狀語也不必改變。例如：Kate said, “I will come here tomorrow to help these children with their English.” → Kate said that she would go there the next day to help those children with their English.（不是在當(dāng)天當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述）→Kate said that she will come here tomorrow to help these children with their English.（在當(dāng)天當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述）
